CBSE Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 12 Electricity and Circuits
Learn from School Connect Online in this chapter we will learn about Chapter 12 Electricity and Circuits
In the Electricity and Circuits Class 6 Notes, the student will be studying electricity and its importance in our day to day life. We use the electricity to operate pumps for lifting water from wells. Also, we use the bulb to get light in the night. Therefore, electricity makes it possible to light our homes, roads, offices, markets, and factories even after sunset.
The different topics covered in CBSE Class 6 Science Chapter 12 are tabulated below:
| 12.1 | Electric Cell |
| 12.2 | A Bulb Connected to an Electric Cell |
| 12.3 | An Electric Circuit |
| 12.4 | Electric Switch |
| 12.5 | Electric Conductors and Insulators |
Ex : 12.1 – Electric Cell
We use electric cells to supply the energy needed for electrons to move around an electric circuit. A battery is a group of two or more electric cells that are connected together. The electric cell system works to generate electricity.
Power station: Electricity that we use at homes, in our factories, is supplied from a power station.
Ex : 12.2 – A Bulb Connected to an Electric Cell
Filament: In an electric bulb, there is a thin tiny wire inside the glass cover. This is called filament.
Terminal: All types of electric cells have two terminals:
- a positive terminal
- a negative terminal
Wire :
- An electric wire is a conducting path in an electric circuit, through which current flows.
- It is usually made out of a metal that is a good conductor of electricity.
Electric Bulb and its Working :
- It Consists of a thin wire that glows due to the passage of current. This is known as the filament.
- An electric circuit provides a closed path for the current to flow. Terminals of the bulb are connected by wires to the electric cell.
- Sometimes the bulb does not glow as the filament gets fused (breaks) due to overheating.
Ex : 12.3 – An Electric Circuit
An electrical circuit is a simplified representation of an electric circuit element. This uses standard symbols for the components in the circuit and does not show the physical arrangements of the components. Daily life on the earth is nearly impossible without electricity use. Homes to big industries depend on electricity. Electric current flows in a closed circuit loop. It is a closed loop in which continuous electric current goes from the supply to the load equipment.
- A closed-loop path, which the current takes is known as an electric circuit.
- When the path of the circuit is closed, current flows through it.
- When there is a break in the path (switch is open) then, the circuit is open and not conducting so the current does not flow.
Ex : 12.4 – An Electric Switch
Switch: Electric switch is a simple device that either breaks the circuit or completes it to stop or start the flow of current.
When the switch is connected, we call it ON, and when it’s not in contact (or open) with the circuit, the switch is OFF.
Ex : 12.5 – Electric Conductors and Insulators
Conductors: Materials that allow electric current to pass through them are called conductors.
Eg: metals like copper
Insulator: Materials that do not allow electric current to pass through them are called insulators.
E.g: Rubber, plastic
Electrical Safety
Electricity can be very dangerous, if you do not handle electrical devices carefully. One should never play with electrical wires and sockets. Electricity from cells is safe and you can experiment with it, but you have to be careful not to connect the two terminals of a cell directly through a wire/conductor. Electricity generated by portable generators is dangerous and should not be used for experiments.
Conclusion :
- Source of electric current: A device that can be used to produce an electric current is called a source of electric current.
- Electric circuit: A path for an electric current to flow is called an electric circuit.
- Closed circuit: A circuit which has an ‘unbroken path’ through which an electric current can flow is called a closed circuit.
- Open circuit: A circuit with a break in it is called an open circuit.
- Electric switch: A device that is used to open or close a circuit is called an electric switch.
- Conductor (in this chapter): A material that allows electric current to pass through it easily is called conductor.
- Insulator (in this chapter): A material that does not allow electric current to pass through it easily is called an insulator.
- In a dry cell, a chemical reaction takes place to produce an electric current.
- A dry cell contains solid or semisolid ingredients.
- All cells have two terminals: the positive and the negative terminal.
- Electric current flows only if there is an unbroken or complete path, starting from one terminal of the source, through various devices back to the other terminal of the source.
- An electric switch is a device that is used to open or close a circuit.
- Safety is important while using electricity.
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