The majority of students, according to observations, are concerned about their academic performance. This is because they are accustomed to being spoon-fed and expecting everything to be served on a plate to them. However, while preparing for the Science Olympiad, students must study a wide range of topics and subjects, allowing them to understand the importance of developing strong study habits as well as the fact that the school curriculum is not as broad as they anticipated. This page contains information about the National Science Olympiad as well as detailed notes on Science Chapter 4: Food and Digestion for Class 5.
Detailed Notes on Science Chapter 4 For Class 5: Food and Digestion
Digestion
Digestion is the complex process of converting the food you eat into nutrients that your body can use for energy, growth, and cell repair. The digestion process also generates waste that must be eliminated.
What is the digestive system?
The digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract (also known as the GI tract or digestive tract), as well as the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. The GI tract is a collection of hollow organs connected by a long, twisting tube that runs from the mouth to the anus. The GI tract is made up of hollow organs such as the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. The digestive system’s solid organs are the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder.
The small intestine is divided into three sections. The first section is known as the duodenum. The jejunum is in the center, and the ileum is at the bottom. The appendix, cecum, colon, and rectum are all parts of the large intestine. The appendix is a pouch attached to the cecum in the shape of a finger. The cecum is the first section of the small intestine. The colon follows. The rectum is the terminal portion of the large intestine.
What is the importance of digestion?
Digestion is important because your body requires nutrients from food and drink in order to function properly and remain healthy. Nutrients include proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins NIH external link, minerals NIH external link, and water. Your digestive system breaks down nutrients into tiny pieces that your body can absorb and use for energy, growth, and cell repair.
Small intestine Functions
The following are the functions of the small intestine:
- Digestion juices are mixed together.
- Digestive juices are mixed in the small intestine, which is supplied by the inner wall of the small intestine, the pancreas, and the liver.
- Food digestion is complete.
- In the small intestine, the food is completely digested.
- The blood vessels on the small intestine wall absorb digested food and transport it to all parts of the body.
The function of the Mouth in Digestion
The digestive process begins in the mouth. Teeth bite, chew and break food into small pieces. While chewing, saliva, a digestive juice secreted by the salivary glands, mixes with the food. Saliva converts food’s insoluble starch into soluble sugar. As a result, the food is easy to digest.
The digestive process from the stomach to the large intestine.
Stomach
Stomach The stomach is a hollow muscular bag that churns the food.
The digestive juices in the stomach break down the proteins in food into a simpler form.
The small intestine
Digestive juices are mixed in the small intestine by the inner wall of the small intestine, the pancreas, and the liver.
Food digestion is complete when the food is digested completely in the small intestine.
Absorption of digested food – The blood vessels on the small intestine wall absorb the digested food and transport it to all parts of the body.
The large intestine
The undigested food is absorbed by the large intestine. The extra water is absorbed by blood vessels in the large intestine’s wall. Semisolid waste is expelled via the anus.
What Exactly Is Food Preservation?
Food preservation refers to the process of treating food in such a way that its value is preserved for an extended period of time.
Food can be stored in the following ways:
- boiling
- Canning
- refrigeration
- pickling
- drying.
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