All students studying in standard 4 participate in an international Olympiad exam. The Maths Olympiad is held by the School Connect Online both offline and online (IMO). These are demanding tests that get students ready for a competitive future. On questions from the school curriculum, students are evaluated. These tests make sure that students have a firm grasp on both challenging questions and questions from textbooks. It evaluates students’ subject-matter expertise. The Class 4 Olympiad test is a prerequisite for later competitions.IMO Class 4 Chapter 3 Factors and Multiples
IMO Class 4 Chapter 3: Factors and Multiples Detailed Notes
In primary school, we learned a variety of mathematical concepts. The concepts of factors and multiples are crucial, particularly when working with reducing and expanding fractions. They are also utilized when looking for patterns in data. Let’s discuss the definition of multiples, common multiples, the distinction between factors, and multiples with a lot of worked examples in this article.
What are Multiples?
A multiple is an outcome of multiplying an integer (not a fraction) by a given number. By subtracting the product of counting numbers and whole numbers, the multiples of the whole number are obtained. For instance, we multiply 6 by 1, 6 by 2, 6 by 3, and so forth to find the multiples of 6. The result of this multiplication is multiples.
| Example 1: | Find the multiples of whole number 3 | |||||||
| Multiplication: | 3 x 1 | 3 x 2 | 3 x 3 | 3 x 4 | 3 x 5 | 3 x 6 | 3 x 7 | 3 x 8 |
| Multiples of 3: | 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 24 |
| Solution: | The multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24 … |
List of Multiples of Numbers
Since multiples of a number are created by multiplying it by natural numbers, a number can have an infinite number of multiples. So, for a given number, we can write an infinite number of multiples. The first 10 multiples of a few numbers are displayed in the table below.
| Number | First 10 Multiples |
| 2 | 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 |
| 3 | 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30 |
| 4 | 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40 |
| 5 | 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 |
| 6 | 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60 |
| 7 | 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70 |
| 8 | 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 72, 80 |
| 9 | 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90 |
| 10 | 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 |
| 11 | 11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88, 99, 110 |
| 12 | 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120 |
| 13 | 13, 26, 39, 52, 65, 78, 91, 104, 117, 130 |
| 14 | 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98, 112, 126, 140 |
| 15 | 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150 |
| 16 | 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160 |
| 17 | 17, 34, 51, 68, 85, 102, 119, 136, 153, 170 |
| 18 | 18, 36, 54, 72, 90, 108, 126, 144, 162, 180 |
| 19 | 19, 38, 57, 76, 95, 114, 133, 152, 171, 190 |
| 20 | 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200 |
Factors
Their common factors are those that two or more numbers have in common. How then do we identify the commonalities? Think about the numbers A and B. Note the numbers that are shared by both A and B and all of the factors of A and B separately. Let’s use an illustration to better understand the idea of common factors.
Think about the identical two numbers, 30, and 45.
Factors of 30 and 45 are –
30 = {1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 30}
45 = {1, 3, 5, 9, 15, 45}
What common characteristics can you see? In both 30 and 45, 15, 5, 3, and 1 are present.
1, 3, 5, and 15 are frequent factors between 30 and 45.
There are numerous practical uses for this idea as well. Consider that you want to floor a space that is 30 m x 45 m in size. With the aid of common factors, the largest size of a square tile that can be used can be determined. A square tile with a side length of 15 cm should be used because 15 is the highest common factor.
Frequently Asked Questions on Multiples
What are multiples?
A number that is created by multiplying two other numbers is referred to as a multiple of that number.
Are our products and multiples the same thing?
The result of two numbers being multiplied is known as the product. We can say that the multiples of two numbers are another name for the product.
Are there even multiples of four?
The multiples of four are indeed even. Since 4, all of its multiples are even because it is an even number.
Do multiples of three always equal multiples of six?
Because 3 is a factor of 6, the multiples of 3 are also the multiples of 6.
Also Read: How to prepare for Olympiads?
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2. International Mathematics Olympiad (IMO)
4. Artificial Intelligence Olympiad.
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